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Numerous other Scientologist-run businesses and organizations come from the umbrella company World Institute of Scientology Enterprises (WISE), which accredits using Hubbard's management doctrines, and distributes directories of WISE-affiliated services. WISE needs those who want to become Hubbard management seeks advice from to finish training in Hubbard's administrative systems; this training can be undertaken at any Church of Scientology, or at one of the campuses of the Hubbard College of Administration, which provides an Associate of Applied Science Degree.


Another widely known WISE-affiliated service is e. Republic, a publishing business based in Folsom, California. e. Republic publications consist of Federal government Innovation and Converge publications. The Center for Digital Government is a division of e. Republic that was founded in 1999 - Scientology beliefs. Internet ISP EarthLink was founded by Scientologists Sky Dayton and Reed Slatkin as a Scientology business.


This area needs growth. You can assist by contributing to it. In order to help with the continued expansion of Scientology, the Church has actually made efforts to win allies in the kind of powerful or reputable people. Though it has achieved some trustworthiness as a religion in many countries, Scientology has actually also been referred to as both a cult and an industrial enterprise.


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For instance, it has actually been kept in mind to engage in harassment and abuse of civil courts to silence its critics, by identifying as Fair Game individuals it views as its enemies. In 1979, several Scientology members were founded guilty for their involvement in the church's Operation Snow White, the largest theft of federal government files in U.S.


Scientologists were likewise founded guilty of fraud, manslaughter and damaging witnesses in French cases, harmful libel against legal representative Casey Hill and espionage in Canada. In his book World Religions in America, religious scholar Jacob Neusner specifies that Scientology's "high level of visibility" may be viewed as "threatening to developed social institutions".


From 1952 till 1966, Scientology was administered by a company called the Hubbard Association of Scientologists (HAS), established in Arizona on September 10, 1952. In 1954, the HAS became the HASI (HAS International). The Church of Scientology was included in California on February 18, 1954, altering its name to "The Church of Scientology of California" (CSC) in 1956.


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In 1967, the IRS removed all US-based Scientology entities of their tax exemption, stating Scientology's activities were commercial and operated for the advantage of Hubbard. Debate followed the church on those years, however its growth continued in the 1960s. New churches were formed in Paris (1959 ), Denmark (1968 ), Sweden (1969 ), and Germany (1970 ).




Centers of Scientology were in 52 nations by the time the 80s can be found in and grew to 74 by 1992. The church took legal action against and lost repeatedly for 26 years attempting to regain its tax-exempt status. The case was ultimately settled in 1993, at which time the church paid $12. 5 million to the IRSgreatly less than Internal Revenue Service had at first demandedand the IRS recognized the church as a tax-exempt nonprofit company.




Scientology cites its tax exemption as evidence the United States government accepts it as a faith. In January 2009, removal of the tax exemption was ranked as number 9 in items for the inbound Barack Obama administration to examine, as identified in an internet poll run by the governmental transition group getting public input for the inbound administration. church of scientology perth address.


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State Department has actually slammed Western European countries for discrimination against Scientologists in its published annual International Religious Flexibility report, based upon the International Religious Liberty Act of 1998. In some nations Scientology is treated legally as an industrial business, and not as a religious beliefs or charitable company. [] In early 2003, in Germany, The Church of Scientology was approved a tax-exemption for the 10% license fees sent to the US. The word Scientology (and numerous associated terms, consisting of L. Ron Hubbard) is a signed up hallmark. Religious Innovation Center, the owner of the hallmarks and copyrights, takes a tough line on individuals and groups who try to utilize it in methods unaffiliated with the official Church (see Scientology and the legal check my source system).


Ron Hubbard designated Mary Sue Hubbard to take control of certain aspects of legal protection for the CoS in 1968 and the Workplace of The Guardian was produced with its head workplace positioned at Saint Hill Manor. Under The Guardian's Workplace (later on relabelled the Workplace of Unique Affairs or OSA), Church members and contracted personnel from Bureau One later arranged and devoted among the biggest penetration of United States federal companies ever committed by an organization not connected with a foreign federal government (that is, one such as the KGB).




In the trial which followed the discovery of these activities the prosecution described their actions as such: The criminal offense devoted by these accuseds is of a breadth and scope previously unheard of. No structure, office, desk, or file was safe from their sleuthing and prying. No person or look at these guys company was free from their despicable conspiratorial minds.


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The Church has also in the past used aggressive methods in attending to those it views as attempting to reduce them, referred to as Suppressive Persons (SPs) initially laid out by Hubbard as part of a policy called reasonable game. It was under this policy that Paulette Cooper was targeted for having actually authored, a 1970 expos book about the Church and its creator.


Utilizing blank paper known to have actually been dealt with by Cooper, Scientologists forged bomb dangers in her name. When finger prints on them linked here matched hers, the Justice Department started prosecution, which could have sent Cooper to prison for a lengthy term. The Church's plan was found at the very same time as its Operation Snow White actions were revealed.

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